Model Answer:

• • The “Waste to Wealth” initiative is a cornerstone of sustainable development, focusing on transforming waste into valuable resources. It addresses pressing environmental challenges, aligns with circular economy principles, and contributes to economic and social welfare.

Key Objectives:

• • Reduce environmental pollution.
  • Promote resource efficiency and recycling.
  • Generate green energy and organic fertilizers.
  • Empower local communities economically.

Relevance to Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs):

• • The initiative directly supports SDG 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production) and SDG 13 (Climate Action). By reducing waste and encouraging sustainable practices, it aligns with India’s commitment to the Paris Agreement.

Adarsh Gaushala Case Study:

• • The Adarsh Gaushala in Gwalior exemplifies the “Waste to Wealth” initiative. It transforms cow dung into Compressed Bio-Gas (CBG), a renewable energy source. The residue, bio-slurry, is used as organic fertilizer. This project reduces greenhouse gas emissions, mitigates pollution, and supports rural livelihoods.

Challenges and Opportunities:

• • Challenges: High initial investment, limited technical expertise, and market linkages.
  • Opportunities: Promotes green energy, creates employment, and reduces dependency on non-renewable energy sources.

• The “Waste to Wealth” initiative is pivotal for sustainable development. By adopting innovative practices, India can lead in achieving a green economy and addressing environmental challenges holistically.

Model Answer:

• Biogas technology, particularly in the form of Compressed Bio-Gas (CBG), plays a vital role in achieving India’s green energy goals. It offers a renewable energy solution derived from organic waste, aligning with the country’s sustainable development objectives.

Relevance of Biogas Technology:

• • Renewable Energy Source: Reduces dependency on fossil fuels.
  • Environmental Benefits: Mitigates greenhouse gas emissions and promotes waste management.
  • Economic Impact: Generates income for rural communities and farmers.

Adarsh Gaushala’s Contribution:

• • The Adarsh Gaushala in Gwalior is a model project that integrates biogas technology with cow welfare. The state-of-the-art CBG plant converts cow dung and organic waste into biogas, demonstrating the practicality and scalability of this technology.

Key Benefits:

• • 1. Energy Production: Supplies clean fuel for cooking and transportation.
  • 2. Waste Management: Reduces landfill waste and promotes circular economy principles.
  • 3. Rural Development: Generates employment and supports agricultural practices through bio-fertilizers.

Challenges in Scaling Biogas Technology:

• • High Initial Costs: Setting up biogas plants requires significant investment.
  • Technical Expertise: Skilled personnel are necessary for efficient operation.
  • Market Development: Building infrastructure for biogas distribution remains a challenge.

Way Forward:

• • 1. Policy Support: Government incentives for biogas projects.
  • 2. Public Awareness: Educating communities about the benefits of biogas.
  • 3. Technological Advancements: Reducing costs and improving efficiency through innovation.

• Biogas technology, exemplified by the Adarsh Gaushala project, is a promising pathway to achieve India’s green energy goals. By addressing challenges and fostering innovation, India can harness this technology to promote sustainability, reduce emissions, and empower rural communities.

Remember: These are just sample answers. It’s important to further research and refine your responses based on your own understanding and perspective. Read entire UPSC Current Affairs.

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